Population decrease I think that a decline in the population will bring about a decline in economic power. According to the survey on population dynamics as of January 1, 2017 announced by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, the total population of Japanese people is 12,258,858, decreasing for eight consecutive years. It decreased by 300 thousand from the previous year, and the decrease width was the largest since the survey began in 1968. The number of births fell below 1 million for the first time. The population of Japanese elderly people in 2017 exceeds 27%, and it is predicted that it will exceed 30% in the beginning of 2024. Japan has entered an era of population decline in an unprecedented super aging society in the world. There is no doubt that a declining population will lead to stagnation of economic growth. The problem is that the working population supporting the elderly is decreasing year by year. Among population transition, the productive age population (population of 15 to 64 years old) becomes a particular problem in considering the economic environment and working environment. In 2010 it is said that the production age population of over 80 million people will be about 67 million in 2030. The production age population rate fell from 63.8% (2010) to 58.1% (2030). The decline of workers between the ages of 15 and 64 will directly lead to a reduction in the size of the economy and the labor market. If the production age population decreases, it is likely that GDP will also decline. In order to maintain GDP as it is, it is indispensable to increase labor productivity. However, the nominal labor productivity of Japan has hardly changed since 1995, and it has rather declined since fiscal 2008. From the above, it is difficult to maintain Japan's GDP in the future and it is unlikely that economic growth will continue. Measures to mitigate the decline in the labor force population have already been discussed in various places. The most actively discussed are countermeasures to lower the birthrate, use of women in their 30s and 40s who retire for giving birth and child rearing, use of elderly people, and acceptance of foreign immigrants. First of all, in order to increase the population in the future, measures against declining birthrate are necessary, but as women of pregnancy age are expected to decrease, it is unlikely that it will rapidly increase even if various measures are taken. But regarding foreign acceptance of immigrants, although other developed countries are already implementing policies, there are problems such as wage reduction, unemployment and security issues. Also, I think that it is a policy unsuitable for exclusive Japanese.